Packet Tracer Lab 1.3.5

In this Packet Tracer we embark on the exploration of the routing table principles. We venture in order to investigate a fully converged network connected, with static and dynamic routing. Every router will make its decisions based on the information provided in its particular configuration, therefore the fact that one router has information in its routing table does not mean the others in the same network will have that same identical information automatically. Routing information about a path from one network to another does not provide routing information about the reverse, or return, path. Due to these principles the network can run on a function known as asymmetric routing. This term depicts a path from network 1 to network 2 differing from a path from network 2 to network 1. To elaborate the going and returning paths are each unique.

Packet Tracer 1.3.4

This packet tracer revolved around dynamic routing. To elaborate how the IOS installs and removes dynamic routes. Remote networks can also be added to the routing table by using a dynamic routing protocol. Dynamic routing protocols are used by routers to share information about the reachability and status of remote networks. Dynamic routing protocols perform several activities, including network discovery as well as updating and maintaining routing tables. Network discovery is the ability of a routing protocol to share information about the networks that it knows about with other routers that are also using the same routing protocol. Once this process is done, the dynamic routing protocol will update and maintain networks within the routing tables capabilities.

Packet Tracer Lab 1.3.3

In this packet tracer we embark on learning how the IOS installs and removes static routes. Static routes should only be used when and if a network only consists of few routers, a network is connected to the internet through only one ISP, or a large network is configured through a hub and spoke topology. Typically a routing topology consists of a combination of dynamic and static routes, but in this activity static only is the scenario. Remote networks are added to the routing table either by configuring static routes or enabling a dynamic routing protocol. When the IOS learns about a remote network and the interface that it will use to reach that network, it adds that route to the routing table as long as the exit interface is enabled. A static route includes the network address and subnet mask of the remote network, along with the IP address of the next-hop router or exit interface.

Packet Tracer Lab 1.3.2

How the IOS installs and removes directly connected routes is conveyed through this Packet Tracer. When a routers interface is configured with an IP address and a subnet mask, that interface becomes a host on the network. A PC is normally configured with a single host IP address because it only has a single network interface, usually an Ethernet NIC. Routers have multiple interfaces, therefore each interface must be a member of a different network. Before any static or dynamic routing is configured on a router, the router only knows about its own directly connected networks. These are the only networks that are displayed in the routing table until static or dynamic routing is configured. Directly connected networks are of prime importance for routing decisions. Static and dynamic routes cannot exist in the routing table without a router's own directly connected networks. The router cannot send packets out an interface if that interface is not enabled with an IP address and subnet mask, just as a PC cannot send IP packets out its Ethernet interface if that interface is not configured with an IP address and subnet mask.

Packet Tracer 1.2.2

Packet Tracer 1.2.2 consists of practicing basic router commands and configurations. Commands such as show running-config which displays the current running configuration that is stored in RAM. With a few exceptions, all configuration commands that were used will be entered into the running-config and implemented immediately by the IOS. All of the previous basic router configuration commands have been entered and were immediately stored in the running configuration file of R1. The running-config file is stored in RAM and is the configuration file used by IOS. The next step is to verify the commands entered by displaying the running configuration. Commands that are also used in this process include show interface, show ip route, show startup-config and lastly show ip interface brief.

Packet Tracer Lab 1.2.1

In this Packet Tracer lab we venture into using the packet tracer activities to connect devices. To elaborate we are required to configure the device names to match the figure and use the place note feature to add network address labels. Each router examines the destination IP address to correctly forward the packet, therefore the address configuration of a router is crucial to network performance. Your place note addressing scheme should indicate the physical connectivity being used as well as device names, interfaces used as well as IP addresses, subnet masks and default gateway addresses for end devices such as a CPU. At the end of this activity data in the router should be interconnected and configured with IP addresses.

Packet Tracer Lab 1.1.5.4

In this packet tracer we explore how to use the physical, config, and CLI tabs in the router. each individual interface connects to a different network thus each interface will have an IP address/mask corresponding to to that network. CLI is command line interface, in which a user interface that involves typing commands instead of choosing them from a menu or selecting an icon.Therefore manual configuration is necessary for this activity. LAN interfaces are applied to the bottom rack of the router meanwhile WAN is applied to the upper level, in addition to this routing tables and other protocols must be configured according to the scenario at hand.